As long as you turn airplane mode on it should be similar between carriers is what I'm reading. If you try to turn off the sim, etc it is drastically different between carriers.
http://adventurealan.com/iphone4gps.htm
Read up:"When all battery conservation measures are in place (as per the Battery Conservation Settings section), the baseline battery drain of the best models of iPhones is 1-2% per day. By baseline drain, we mean that the phone is powered on, but asleep; it is ready for use, but the user is not actually doing anything with it. This is the background drain you will incur even if you don't take any pictures, look at any maps, or use any apps at all.
The Airplane Mode switch in Settings turns the Cellular Service AND the GPS chip ON or OFF. You can not independently turn Cellular OFF but leave GPS ON. To show your location in a mapping app like Gaia GPS, you must set Airplane Mode to OFF.
Sadly, when Airplane Mode is OFF, the iPhone, in some configurations, drains the battery trying to establish a Cellular connection. The amount of battery drain depends on whether you are in-range or out-of-range of the cellular provider. Therefore if you test your baseline battery drain at home you are likely to get one result (in-signal-range), while when you use the iPhone in the backcountry you will get a different result (out-of-signal-range). (In order to do my battery drain testing, I constructed a Faraday Cage by putting the iPhone inside a closed cookie tin and putting the tin into a microwave oven; neither the cookie tin nor the microwave alone blocked signal).
Summary: ATT iPhone 4/4S is great. ATT iPhone 5 is bad. Verizon iPhone 5 is great. Other models are untested.
ATT iPhones 4 and 4S Baseline battery drain:
1-2% per day: SIM Inactive (either locked or removed) (signal either present or absent).
9-10% per day: SIM Active (signal present).
30% per day: SIM Active (no signal).
To maximize battery life of an ATT iPhone 4, deactivate the phone’s SIM by using one of two methods:
Use the SIM PIN feature (read Apple's Help Topic. and call 611 from your phone to get your initial PIN from ATT). When using this feature, you are asked for the PIN code only after the phone is fully powered down, not after each time the phone has been asleep. This is an elegant easy-to-use solution that gives a great result.
Remove the SIM card from your phone. Be careful, the SIM card is small and quite easy to lose. This method may work for any iPhone 4 with a SIM card, not just ATT phones in the U.S.
ATT iPhone 5 – The baseline battery drain is completely different than the ATT iPhone 4, and the optimal configuration is exactly opposite the iPhone 4:
8-10% per hour !!!!: SIM Inactive (either locked or removed) and signal absent. — This is an egregious battery drain bug.
~8% per day: SIM Active (signal present).
~22% per day: SIM Active (no signal).
To maximize battery life of an ATT iPhone 5 when no signal is present, you must leave the SIM active. If you lock or remove the SIM you will have a disaster when you leave signal range. In the best configuration, SIM active, the drain is still an unacceptable ~1% per hour. Therefore, if you are using an ATT iPhone 5 for backpacking, you need to change your practices to turn Airplane Mode ON between each usage of the GPS. If you forget to toggle into Airplane Mode, you will drain 1% per hour searching for the non-existent signal (which is better than draining 10% per hour which happens when the SIM is inactivated.)
Verizon iPhone 4 or 4S? Sorry, I have not tested these.
Verizon iPhone 5 – Baseline battery drain:
1-3% per day: SIM Removed (no signal). Probably same result for locked SIM, but we didn't test this.
1-3% per day: SIM Active (no signal).
?? not tested: SIM Active (signal present).
The Verizon iPhone 5, based on our tests, will have excellent battery life in the backcountry with the SIM active or inactive! The Sprint iPhone 5 probably behaves like the Verizon iPhone 5 (the hardware is similar for those two products) but we did not test it.
iPhones 5S and 5C, released in September 2013? Sorry, I don't know anything yet."