I hesitate to mix work and fun. I will probably regret posting this msg. I've stay out of this thread and the other climate change rat hole threads because I research and work on these topics.
But I can't resist on the specific issue of paying a premium to your electric utility so you can say that you are "using" renewable energy…unfortunately, it is in the vast majority of cases, bunk. I painfully amid having spent years years of my life proving it.
"Redefining RECS: Additionality in the voluntary renewable energy certificate market," PhD Disseratation of Princeton University; Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs; Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy Program, Advisor: M. Oppenheimer.
http://tinyurl.com/ktkohuk
I don't recommend you read more than the abstract unless you get off on this stuff. And here are some peer-reviewed versions, in case you prefer that format and want to pay for a subscription.
Gillenwater, M., X. Lu, M. Fischlein, 2014. "Additionality of wind energy investments in the U.S. voluntary green power market," Renewable Energy, Volume 63, Pages 452–457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.10.003
Gillenwater, M., 2013. "Probabilistic decision model of wind power investment and influence of green power market," Energy Policy, Volume 63, Pages 1111-1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.09.049
Before the cranks and anti-cranks jump in, my colleagues and I are strong supporters of policies that promote renewable energy investment. This research does not show or argue that renewable energy is a waste. It only shows that when you pay a premium, you are not actually buying renewable energy. So, unfortunately, voluntarily paying a premium as an electricity consumer does not have an effect on how much renewable energy is generated. But you can install systems directly on your home (like with your awesome sounding passive solar), invest directly in renewable companies or projects, and push for policies that require or incent your utility to invest in more renewable energy capacity. Although none are as easy as checking a box on your electric bill, admittedly.
PS: And for any super physics geeks, electrons don't flow down wires from a power plant to your house.
http://ghginstitute.org/is-the-way-you-think-about-emissions-from-purchased-electricity-wrong/