Key phrase is “trained” I think. I’ve thought about this issue myself a fair amount. I think it is part physical and part mental/consciousness. To put things into perspective, Wim Hof isn’t just known for his extreme cold temp/condition feats, but he has applied the same breathing/meditation/mental-consciousness aspect to other extremes. For example, under supervision of medical researchers in a hospital, he had himself injected with a dead form of a pathogen that is known for causing very strong (and very unpleasant) immune reactions.
He started to feel the effects of it a bit at first, but went into a deeper state of meditation and was able to control his immune response (there was a research paper written and published on this btw). It is the first scientifically recorded case of someone being able to control what was formerly labeled an autonomous system and not thought able to be under conscious control whatsoever.
He also ran a marathon in desert heat while not drinking water during the run. Hence, it is not just about cold, nor building up physical tolerance over time. Because in these two latter cases, he didn’t spend a lot of time building up any kind of tolerance (and no time in the case of the pathogen). So it is hard to say, how much is physical adaptation and how much is the mental-consciousness aspect? But he literally loves the cold, so that with repeat exposure probably does help him with that.
I suspect “there are more things in heaven and Earth, than are dreamt of in most of our philosophies” so to speak. I say this as someone with both a keen interest in science, but also with my own, personal, repeat anomalous experiences. The true scientific mindset is and should be, “open mindedness counterbalanced by skepticism and skepticism counter balanced by open mindedness”. They are incomplete and imbalanced without each other, and most people tend to lean more to one than the other I’ve noticed/observed. It is not easy to hold them perfectly inter balanced simultaneously. To be honest, I don’t think there are a lot of true scientists in the world. There are mostly believers and cynics, and imo, both tend toward distortion and/or delusion though ironically both the cynic and believer believes that everyone but themselves are deluded. The truly scientific on the other hand, tend to be more humble and uncertain and can say more easily and truly, “I don’t know, let’s test it and see where it goes”.
(Btw, there is enough in science, and especially quantum physics, that should give people pause for thought about the true nature of reality. For example, explain quantum entanglement. By Einsteinian physics, should not be possible. And it very obviously and strongly implies/suggest that there is a interconnection between everything on a fundamental level [a very old concept found in the core of most mystic, religious, and/or spiritual belief systems in some form or another]. And interestingly, most of the founding fathers of quantum physics and the first experiments in and maths of same, had so called “woo woo” beliefs/leanings like metaphysics, Eastern philosophy, mysticism, spirituality, and/or religion and some of these actually EXPECTED some of these so called “irrational” findings! [conveniently left out of the history books often, because the winners write same, and the winners of late are the mechanistic nihilists/atheistic materialists]).
Hard to not get chaffy with such topics. This will probably be my only post on this thread. I’m not much interested in debating anymore.