I’ve long repeated the State of Alaska’s advice that no handgun is adequate to quickly stop a large grizzly and that a 300-Winchester Magnum rifle or 12-gauge shotgun with a 1-ounce rifled slug is the minimum suggested long gun. Â When I’ve seen medium-sized black bears getting shot (4 times now), they went down pretty quick half the time, with a carefully aimed .308 or .338 but twice (once with an aimed .308, once with an aimed .300-Win-Mag albeit at distance) shrugged it off enough to bolt into the woods a long ways.
Two huge caveats: Â These were medium-sized black bears, not medium-sized grizzlies, much less large grizzlies. Â They were aimed shots. Â Read any account of a surprise bear incident, and people ARE NOT placing the crosshairs just behind the shoulder for a heart/lung shot.
All that said, a poster here on BPL made a reasonable argument for 10-mm Glock 20 ($650, 15+1 rounds, 4.6″ barrel, 39 ounces with full magazine) or Glock G40 ($780, 15+1, 6″ barrel, 45 ounces full) using hard-cast bullets. Â At about 800 foot-pounds of energy in a hot round, it is less than a .44 magnum (1500 foot-pounds) and far less than the most common bear-defense rifle up here (.338 at 5,000 foot pounds) or a shotgun with slugs (3100 foot-pounds). Â But the pistol is lighter, more compact, can be carried in a chest holster, can be used in close quarters, has far more rounds, is semi-automatic, and if you use hard-cast bullets can penetrate quite deeply. Â Three quick pistol shots are perhaps more likely to hit something vital than a single long-gun shot (after which you have to cycle the bolt or pump the shotgun action).
I don’t even carry spray most of the time. Â I make noise instead – it weighs nothing and is the most effective safety measure. Â The bear attack researcher Dr Hererro looked at hundreds of incidents and concluded pepper spray has better outcomes for the human (and vastly better for the bear) than any type of firearm.