I am just throwing out some ideas here.
Always have map and compass. GPS is dependent upon batteries, so if the batteries die you are royally screwed.
UTM coordinate system is MUCH easier to use than lat/lon. Once you become familiar with UTM grid numbering you can locate your position to within about 50 meters using eyeball alone on a 1:100,000 scale map. Once your "eyeballing" improves with experience, you can get it to within about 10 meters. All is needed is a simple, no-frills GPS which can be turned on for a few minutes every now and then for a position check against the map. Used this way, one set of batteries could theoretically last for the entire trip.
One possibility for a long trip requiring many maps is to make PDF scans for the entire trip and upload them to a Cloud app such as Google Drive. The maps could then be downloaded as needed and printed at an internet cafe, or d/l'd to a handheld device.
Of course, I have NEVER done this and don't know if it is at all feasible, especially in Central and South America. Maybe someone with experience can chime in.