I've had dry hand & finger condition for decades – between living in the Rockies, very dry low humidity environment and always working with my hands, left unchecked my fingers and hands will open up deep cracks and bleed – quite painful. Prolific use of gloves also pulls moisture form your hands and fingers – that might be why you're associating the condition to the mountains, along with the dryer mountain air.
To heal that condition I use Neutrogena hand cream – Norwegian Formula (though made in the USA). Rub it on at night before sleep – may require several applications if you're really dry and at least once during the day. Clears up open cracks in a day or two.
BTW – I found "Vasoline" to be the worst – if fact I believe it actually makes dry hand conditions worse. jmo