As an easy example of the inherent variation in materials alone: I’ve bought a variety of silnylons recently, all listed as 1.1 nylon with coating, total weight 1.4 oz a yd. Some are 1.35, some are about 1.6, some could be 1.45. Varies widely. I can actually tell now by feel which is which, had to a use a good scale to determine that what I was feeling was reality. It was. Tents particularly use a lot of material, so even a small variation in the fabric weight makes any listed weight only an estimation.
Noticed this first on a stuff sack I made, came out several grams heavier than it should have, was the difference in per yard weight of the allegedly 1.4 oz silnylon. At this point, I’d only trust weights after weighing a sample patch of the material. Turned out to actually be 1.6 oz.
See a Norwegian listed Ringstind Light
Weight tent (+/-10%): 1,5kg
Notice the +/- 10%? They have to do that, it’s called truth in advertising, ie, it’s a law, nobody can promise that much material cut by humans and sewn by humans with variable weights in the fabrics can be x grams, but you certainly can promise it will be +/- 10% x grams.
Personally I really wish cottage manufacturers would adopt this type of weight reporting. I saw this 10% variation in my rainbow, in my case, was +2oz, ie, about 7% or so if my math isn’t off. Zero ground of complaint, it’s reality. Or, as a test, cut the same pattern 4 times, weigh the totals each time. Doubt it will be close.
So no, I don’t expect what can’t be delivered, I just wish that fact would be accepted and weights listed more accurately as plus or minus x percent.
I think re sleeping bags, I’d definitely want it heavier than listed than lighter as a rule, lighter can always mean they got the down or fill slightly off, but again, the shell can be off, fabric weights varying etc.
I would guess that when stuff is made in larger production runs, the weights will be closer, since the cutting is probably more automated, and the sewing more consistent, and the materials were sourced and supplied with a bit more control than most cottage people can manage. But I don’t know that for a fact, it’s just a guess that would seem to fit with what I see buying stuff on my own re materials.