many yrs ago i worked as a clinical microbiologist in a hospital lab.
based upon my educational background at the time & my work/laboratory experience, i can unequivocably state that UV light can kill microorgansisms of many different types, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoans.
also, while employed as a graduate lab assistant, i have, more than once, witnessed undergrad students accidentally leave a glass petri dish near a window in a college lab. the result was that even though two layers of glass (i.e., the window & the glass petri dish cover) were filtering the UV light in the sun’s rays, the carefully innoculated media in the petri dish would always fail to produce any bacterial growth.
in a laboratory, UV sterilization (and also gas sterilization) is commonly employed when the items to be sterilized are not tolerant of super-heated steam sterilization techniques.
as with any means of water purification, the manufacturer’s instructions should be strictly adhered to in order to acheive the desired results. keep in mind, as the manufacturer’s instructions states, you many still need to filter the water until clear, prior to using the steripen.
i live & hike in the more heavily populated (relatively speaking) northeast. a fair number of farms & basically low lands & hills.
i also own a steripen & have used it. it appears to work, since i have not become ill drinking the water sterilized with the steripen. however, this is basically an argument from lack of evidence as 1) who’s to say the water was contaminated in the first place?, and 2) the number of times i’ve used it thus far is not sufficient from which to draw any statistical conclusions having a high degree of confidence.
i should also state that, at this point in time, my main means of water purification is still aqua mira. why? it weighs less.
hope this info sets your mind at ease.