Is there a way that one could mold carbon inside an inflated tire, between the inside of the tire and the tube? I do know that carbon techniques do include air bladders, don't know about the rest.
There's good carbon info here:
http://www.sheldonbrown.com/rinard/
(I don't know what newer info it might be missing, or if Mr. Rinard is easily reachable.)
The carbon Berthoud fenders I've seen are pretty flat (no gutters, no mentionable side-to-side curve), and I find this awfully annoying in a fender (especially road). (There're some carbon fenders on a 'bent here that I'll have to get a closer look at.)
I wonder if vacuum forming a relatively light plastic would work well. (Likely depends on your conditions. I wonder if THE (Toby Henderson) fenders are vacuum formed? I hear they can be surprisingly durable.)