Yeah, I had an old eider jacket that I just plain wore out. There were small plastic bags of down around the outside sewn into canvas outer and some sort of satin inner. Very expensive, my uncle used this during the Korean War, though not military issue.
It leaked feathers near the end and the canvas was rotting off it from dragging on the ground. Anyway, at the time, I was not interested in down, much, being only 10-12 years old and just learning how to hunt (I received a used single shot 22 for my birthday.) It was a nice "tent" when I crouched down, very warm. There is a difference in feathers. Eider has barbed type down where-as goose has much smoother down. It was very difficult to pull out a single feather with eider.
All down never has a center "stalk." Often a vestigial shaft may be present, but even this will detract from it's value. Usually, these are the ones that get pushed out of a quilt/bag. Down grows from a center root. 100% DOWN is used to describe Goose down with with no feathers. DOWN may contain <10% feathers. Use extreme caution when buying down. You are expected to know what you are buying, by law in the USofA. Often cheaper DOWN can contain feathers, regardless of it's fill power. That is a different measurement.
It is easy to think of solid as being more conductive for heat than hollow. Good down feathers from older birds is better, generally. Duck down has more center stalks than goose down, so it looses a bit on conductivity. Goose down is larger so has less centers per weight.
Even damp, not wet, down performs pretty well. Even with 1/3 of the loft compressed (or more.) It does not conduct heat all that well. The synthetics all fail in this department(or are much heavier than is feasible to take camping,) conducting heat more than down. But wet, they do perform better since they do not wick water(and heat) as much as down. Water conducts heat fairly efficiently. Down lofts between 2-4 times its volume, far better than synthetics by weight when dry. It looses when wet. I do not sleep in a mud puddle.
The difference between 800 and 850 down can simply be the addition of some feathers, or, smaller down clusters. (Smaller down clusters do not loft as well as larger ones, but some are too soft to support any weight, including their own.) Dry static electric charges can cheat a test significantly. Grab a handful of good down and compare that to grabbing a handful of cheap down. Keep it clean and dry.
Someone who maintains their down regularly (once per trip) will likely fare better with 800fp down than someone who washes their bag once a year but has 850fp down. Do not use a detergent, always use a very mild soap (down wash.)
Is it worth the extra $100. I would not, since most of the time I camp in the North East in wet or damp conditions. Lower fill power downs perform equally or better under damp conditions, but not as good under dry conditions. If you are shooting for low base weights, go for it. When light weight trumps dollars, use your skill to stay dry and enjoy.